About the Surah
Surah Title : الحشر
English Title : Al-Hashr
Order in Al-Mushaf : 59
Number of Verses : 24
Type : madinah
Page Number in Al-Mushaf : From Page 545 To Page 548
Al-Hashr
هُوَ ٱلَّذِيٓ أَخۡرَجَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ مِنۡ أَهۡلِ ٱلۡكِتَٰبِ مِن دِيَٰرِهِمۡ لِأَوَّلِ ٱلۡحَشۡرِۚ مَا ظَنَنتُمۡ أَن يَخۡرُجُواْۖ وَظَنُّوٓاْ أَنَّهُم مَّانِعَتُهُمۡ حُصُونُهُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ فَأَتَىٰهُمُ ٱللَّهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَمۡ يَحۡتَسِبُواْۖ وَقَذَفَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمُ ٱلرُّعۡبَۚ يُخۡرِبُونَ بُيُوتَهُم بِأَيۡدِيهِمۡ وَأَيۡدِي ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ فَٱعۡتَبِرُواْ يَٰٓأُوْلِي ٱلۡأَبۡصَٰرِ
2He (Allah) expelled the dis-believers from the People of the Scripture (i.e. Jewish tribe of Banu-Nadheer ) from their homes at the first gathering [i.e. there is a prediction it will happen again, as it did at the time of Umar (ؓ)]. (O believers!) you did not think that they will ever abandon (or get out from) their homes (due to their wealth and equipment). And they were confident that their fortresses would defend them against Allah. But Allah’s (torment) came to them from where they did not expect it. And He (Allah) created fear in their hearts so that they demolished their homes with their own hands and with the hands of the believers. Hence, O sensible people, learn a lesson from this.
2The reason for descending the verse
The commentators of the Qur'an said, “This verse was revealed about Banu'l-Nadir. When the Prophet (s.a.w) moved to Madinah, they signed a treaty with him in which they agreed not to fight against him or with him and the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) consented. Then when the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) defeated the idolaters at Badr, Banu'l-Nadir said, 'By Allah, he is the Prophet whose description we find in the Torah; he will not be defeated'. However, when the Muslims were defeated at Uhud, they broke their pledge and showed enmity toward the Messenger of Allah(s.a.w) and Muslims. The Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) surrounded them and then they signed a settlement treaty in which it was agreed that they leave Madinah.” (Al-Wahidi, Reasons of Revelation)
