وَإِذَا حَضَرَ ٱلۡقِسۡمَةَ أُوْلُواْ ٱلۡقُرۡبَىٰ وَٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ وَٱلۡمَسَٰكِينُ فَٱرۡزُقُوهُم مِّنۡهُ وَقُولُواْ لَهُمۡ قَوۡلٗا مَّعۡرُوفٗا 8

8        And if (even the distant) relatives, orphans and the needy are present at the time of distribution, do give them (from that) and talk to them kindly and justly.

وَلۡيَخۡشَ ٱلَّذِينَ لَوۡ تَرَكُواْ مِنۡ خَلۡفِهِمۡ ذُرِّيَّةٗ ضِعَٰفًا خَافُواْ عَلَيۡهِمۡ فَلۡيَتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ وَلۡيَقُولُواْ قَوۡلٗا سَدِيدًا 9

9        And (the guardians and execu-tors) must have same fear in their minds as they would have if they happened to leave weak children behind them. Hence, (these guard-ians and executors should) fear Allah and speak reasonably and kindly.

إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ يَأۡكُلُونَ أَمۡوَٰلَ ٱلۡيَتَٰمَىٰ ظُلۡمًا إِنَّمَا يَأۡكُلُونَ فِي بُطُونِهِمۡ نَارٗاۖ وَسَيَصۡلَوۡنَ سَعِيرٗا 10

10        Verily, those who misap-pro-priate (i.e. put to wrong use) the wealth of orphans, they are put-ting only fire in their bellies and they shall soon go to Hell.

يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِيٓ أَوۡلَٰدِكُمۡۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثۡلُ حَظِّ ٱلۡأُنثَيَيۡنِۚ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءٗ فَوۡقَ ٱثۡنَتَيۡنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَۖ وَإِن كَانَتۡ وَٰحِدَةٗ فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصۡفُۚ وَلِأَبَوَيۡهِ لِكُلِّ وَٰحِدٖ مِّنۡهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٞۚ فَإِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٞ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخۡوَةٞ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُۚ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٖ يُوصِي بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٍۗ ءَابَآؤُكُمۡ وَأَبۡنَآؤُكُمۡ لَا تَدۡرُونَ أَيُّهُمۡ أَقۡرَبُ لَكُمۡ نَفۡعٗاۚ فَرِيضَةٗ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا 11

11        Allah commands you regarding your children’s (inheritance): one male’s portion is equal to the portion of two females; if there are daughters only, two or more in number, all daughters get two-third of the total inheritance. If there is only one daughter, she gets one half of the total inheritance. (the remaining goes to other near relatives). (There are three possibilities regarding parents). Firstly, each parent gets sixth share if the deceased left children, (male or female, one or more; and the remaining inheritance goes to children and relatives). Secondly, if the dead person have no children and his parents are only heirs, (‘only’ means the dead person has no brother or sister), in this case the mother will get one third and two third goes to the father. Thirdly, if the deceased leaves more than one brother and/or sisters of either kind [(i) having same father and same mother called Aini () (ii) having same father, different mothers called Allati () and have no children, and, of course, father and mother are there], in this case the mother will get one sixth of the total inheritance (and the rest goes to the father). In all these cases distribution will be made after payment of the will and debt of the deceased. You don’t know whether your parents or your children will benefit you more. These shares are fixed by Allah. Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

۞وَلَكُمۡ نِصۡفُ مَا تَرَكَ أَزۡوَٰجُكُمۡ إِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّهُنَّ وَلَدٞۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُنَّ وَلَدٞ فَلَكُمُ ٱلرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكۡنَۚ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٖ يُوصِينَ بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٖۚ وَلَهُنَّ ٱلرُّبُعُ مِمَّا تَرَكۡتُمۡ إِن لَّمۡ يَكُن لَّكُمۡ وَلَدٞۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَكُمۡ وَلَدٞ فَلَهُنَّ ٱلثُّمُنُ مِمَّا تَرَكۡتُمۚ مِّنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٖ تُوصُونَ بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٖۗ وَإِن كَانَ رَجُلٞ يُورَثُ كَلَٰلَةً أَوِ ٱمۡرَأَةٞ وَلَهُۥٓ أَخٌ أَوۡ أُخۡتٞ فَلِكُلِّ وَٰحِدٖ مِّنۡهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُۚ فَإِن كَانُوٓاْ أَكۡثَرَ مِن ذَٰلِكَ فَهُمۡ شُرَكَآءُ فِي ٱلثُّلُثِۚ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ وَصِيَّةٖ يُوصَىٰ بِهَآ أَوۡ دَيۡنٍ غَيۡرَ مُضَآرّٖۚ وَصِيَّةٗ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٞ 12

12        If your wives die and they have no children, the husband gets half of the inheritance of your wives. If your wives die and they have children (from you or from former husband), the husband will get one fourth. In both cases distribution would be made after payment of the will and debt of the deceased. If the husband dies and has no children, his all wives will get one fourth of the total inheritance. (This one fourth to be distributed among all the wives). If husband dies and has children, then only one eight will be for all the wives. In both cases inheritance is to be distributed after payment of the will and debt of the deceased. (Now the laws of inheritance are described for a deceased who leaves no children and no parents, it is called kalala which means weak relatives). If the deceased (male or female, did not leave father and grandfather and also did not leave children or grand children from his son), and has a brother or a sister among his survivors [with same mother called akhyaafi ()], then brother will get one sixth and the sister will get one sixth. If these brothers and sisters are two or more in number, then one third will go to all of them (i.e. one third to be distributed among all of them and male and female will get equal shares and remaining inheritance goes to other survivors). In both cases distribution of inheritance will be made after payment of the will and debt of the deceased so that no loss is caused to anyone. This is the Command from Allah and Allah is All-Knowing, Most Forbearing.

تِلۡكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِۚ وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ يُدۡخِلۡهُ جَنَّٰتٖ تَجۡرِي مِن تَحۡتِهَا ٱلۡأَنۡهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَاۚ وَذَٰلِكَ ٱلۡفَوۡزُ ٱلۡعَظِيمُ 13

13        These are the limits set by Allah, and whosoever obeys Allah and His messenger [Muhammad (may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him)], will reside in Gardens beneath which rivers flow and they will reside there forever, and that will be the great success.

وَمَن يَعۡصِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ وَيَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَهُۥ يُدۡخِلۡهُ نَارًا خَٰلِدٗا فِيهَا وَلَهُۥ عَذَابٞ مُّهِينٞ 14

14        And whosoever disobeys Allah and His messenger and transgresses His limits, He (Allah) will throw him into the Fire, to reside there forever, and he will get a disgraceful torment.

وَٱلَّٰتِي يَأۡتِينَ ٱلۡفَٰحِشَةَ مِن نِّسَآئِكُمۡ فَٱسۡتَشۡهِدُواْ عَلَيۡهِنَّ أَرۡبَعَةٗ مِّنكُمۡۖ فَإِن شَهِدُواْ فَأَمۡسِكُوهُنَّ فِي ٱلۡبُيُوتِ حَتَّىٰ يَتَوَفَّىٰهُنَّ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ أَوۡ يَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لَهُنَّ سَبِيلٗا 15

15        If any of your women commit adultery, look for four witnesses (Muslims, free, sensible, adult), against them. If they testify, then confine such women in their homes until death comes to them or Allah ordains some other way out for them. (The command contained in this Verse has been replaced by second Verse of Surah An-Nur).

وَٱلَّذَانِ يَأۡتِيَٰنِهَا مِنكُمۡ فَ‍َٔاذُوهُمَاۖ فَإِن تَابَا وَأَصۡلَحَا فَأَعۡرِضُواْ عَنۡهُمَآۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ تَوَّابٗا رَّحِيمًا 16

16        If any two persons (man and woman) commit adultery (several meanings are given for it, see tafseer Tabari), torture them both. And if they repent and do good deeds, then don’t bother them anymore. Indeed, Allah is Very-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

إِنَّمَا ٱلتَّوۡبَةُ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ لِلَّذِينَ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٱلسُّوٓءَ بِجَهَٰلَةٖ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُونَ مِن قَرِيبٖ فَأُوْلَٰٓئِكَ يَتُوبُ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيۡهِمۡۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا 17

17        Allah accepts the repentance of those who do evil deeds in ignorance and then sincerely repent soon. So Allah will forgive such people and Allah is All-Knower, All-Wise.

وَلَيۡسَتِ ٱلتَّوۡبَةُ لِلَّذِينَ يَعۡمَلُونَ ٱلسَّيِّ‍َٔاتِ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَهُمُ ٱلۡمَوۡتُ قَالَ إِنِّي تُبۡتُ ٱلۡـَٰٔنَ وَلَا ٱلَّذِينَ يَمُوتُونَ وَهُمۡ كُفَّارٌۚ أُوْلَٰٓئِكَ أَعۡتَدۡنَا لَهُمۡ عَذَابًا أَلِيمٗا 18

18        Allah does not accept the repentance of those persons who continue to do evil deeds until one of them faces death and says: “Now I repent,” nor of those who die as disbelievers. We have prepared for them a painful torment.

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ لَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمۡ أَن تَرِثُواْ ٱلنِّسَآءَ كَرۡهٗاۖ وَلَا تَعۡضُلُوهُنَّ لِتَذۡهَبُواْ بِبَعۡضِ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُمُوهُنَّ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَٰحِشَةٖ مُّبَيِّنَةٖۚ وَعَاشِرُوهُنَّ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِۚ فَإِن كَرِهۡتُمُوهُنَّ فَعَسَىٰٓ أَن تَكۡرَهُواْ شَيۡ‍ٔٗا وَيَجۡعَلَ ٱللَّهُ فِيهِ خَيۡرٗا كَثِيرٗا 19

19        O you who believe! You are forbidden to inherit women against their will (as you did during the time of ignorance). And don’t harass them to recover (part of) what you (or your relatives) have given them, except if they are openly disobedient to husband (or commit adultery). And the husband should treat them honourably. Although you may hate something, but it is possible that, Allah has made some (hidden) big benefit for you in what you hate. (i.e. you may get child from her who grows up as  a pious person, hence these children will be an asset for you in the Hereafter).

وَإِنۡ أَرَدتُّمُ ٱسۡتِبۡدَالَ زَوۡجٖ مَّكَانَ زَوۡجٖ وَءَاتَيۡتُمۡ إِحۡدَىٰهُنَّ قِنطَارٗا فَلَا تَأۡخُذُواْ مِنۡهُ شَيۡ‍ًٔاۚ أَتَأۡخُذُونَهُۥ بُهۡتَٰنٗا وَإِثۡمٗا مُّبِينٗا 20

20        And if you intend to replace a wife by another wife, and you have given her a very large amount as bridal-money (or as gift etc.), you are not allowed to take anything back from her (note that the request for the forgiveness of the unpaid bridal-money is also like taking it back). Do you intend to recover this money by blaming her (for disobedience or adultery) and with an obvious sin (on your part)?

وَكَيۡفَ تَأۡخُذُونَهُۥ وَقَدۡ أَفۡضَىٰ بَعۡضُكُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٖ وَأَخَذۡنَ مِنكُم مِّيثَٰقًا غَلِيظٗا 21

21        And how would you take it back when both of you had sexual relations and they (i.e. women) had taken a firm commitment (or promise) from you (at the time of marriage)?

وَلَا تَنكِحُواْ مَا نَكَحَ ءَابَآؤُكُم مِّنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا قَدۡ سَلَفَۚ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ فَٰحِشَةٗ وَمَقۡتٗا وَسَآءَ سَبِيلًا 22

22        And don’t marry women whom your fathers married (as you used to do during the time of ignorance), disregard what has passed (but don’t indulge in it in future). Indeed, this is shameful and hateful and is (religiously speaking) an evil way.

حُرِّمَتۡ عَلَيۡكُمۡ أُمَّهَٰتُكُمۡ وَبَنَاتُكُمۡ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُمۡ وَعَمَّٰتُكُمۡ وَخَٰلَٰتُكُمۡ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلۡأَخِ وَبَنَاتُ ٱلۡأُخۡتِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِيٓ أَرۡضَعۡنَكُمۡ وَأَخَوَٰتُكُم مِّنَ ٱلرَّضَٰعَةِ وَأُمَّهَٰتُ نِسَآئِكُمۡ وَرَبَٰٓئِبُكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِي فِي حُجُورِكُم مِّن نِّسَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّٰتِي دَخَلۡتُم بِهِنَّ فَإِن لَّمۡ تَكُونُواْ دَخَلۡتُم بِهِنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَحَلَٰٓئِلُ أَبۡنَآئِكُمُ ٱلَّذِينَ مِنۡ أَصۡلَٰبِكُمۡ وَأَن تَجۡمَعُواْ بَيۡنَ ٱلۡأُخۡتَيۡنِ إِلَّا مَا قَدۡ سَلَفَۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ غَفُورٗا رَّحِيمٗا 23

23        You are forbidden to marry (the following four groups.) Firstly, your mothers, your daughters, your sisters, your father’s sisters, your mother’s sisters, your brother’s daughters, your sister’s daughters. Secondly, your foster mothers who gave you suck and your foster suckling sisters (who are your sisters due to suckling milk of their real mother or their foster mother or if she has sucked the milk of your real mother or your foster mother, even if it took place at different times). Thirdly, the mothers of your wives, and daughters of your wives whom you bring up in your household born of your wives with whom (i.e. your wives) you had sexual relations. (Then those daughters are unlawful for you). If, however, you had marriage contract with your wife but did not have sexual relation with her yet, there is no harm in marrying the daughter of such wife. And wives of your sons are also unlawful for you for marriage (this does not include the wives of Islamically adopted sons). It is also unlawful for you to marry two sisters (real or foster) at the same time, except what took place in the past. Indeed, Allah is Very Forgiving, Most Merciful.

۞وَٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُمۡۖ كِتَٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيۡكُمۡۚ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَٰلِكُمۡ أَن تَبۡتَغُواْ بِأَمۡوَٰلِكُم مُّحۡصِنِينَ غَيۡرَ مُسَٰفِحِينَۚ فَمَا ٱسۡتَمۡتَعۡتُم بِهِۦ مِنۡهُنَّ فَ‍َٔاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةٗۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ فِيمَا تَرَٰضَيۡتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعۡدِ ٱلۡفَرِيضَةِۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمٗا 24

24        Fourthly, the married women are also unlawful for you except those slave girls whom you own according to Islamic law (after one monthly course or after delivery of child if they are pregnant). Allah has made these laws obligatory for you. Apart from these women, all other women are lawful for you for marriage. So you may seek them (in marriage) by paying bridal money, desiring chastity and not for debauchery (i.e. for great indulgence in sexual pleasure). Hence, those of you who have enjoyed them as your wives, you must pay the prescribed bridal-money to them. Even after prescribing the bridal-money, if you mutually agree (to change it) there is no sin on you (i.e. may be husband increases the bridal money, or wife forgives part or whole of the bridal-money, both cases are acceptable). Indeed, Allah is All-Knowing (knows all your benefits), All-Wise (makes regulations wisely to ensure these benefits for you).

وَمَن لَّمۡ يَسۡتَطِعۡ مِنكُمۡ طَوۡلًا أَن يَنكِحَ ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِ فَمِن مَّا مَلَكَتۡ أَيۡمَٰنُكُم مِّن فَتَيَٰتِكُمُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنَٰتِۚ وَٱللَّهُ أَعۡلَمُ بِإِيمَٰنِكُمۚ بَعۡضُكُم مِّنۢ بَعۡضٖۚ فَٱنكِحُوهُنَّ بِإِذۡنِ أَهۡلِهِنَّ وَءَاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ بِٱلۡمَعۡرُوفِ مُحۡصَنَٰتٍ غَيۡرَ مُسَٰفِحَٰتٖ وَلَا مُتَّخِذَٰتِ أَخۡدَانٖۚ فَإِذَآ أُحۡصِنَّ فَإِنۡ أَتَيۡنَ بِفَٰحِشَةٖ فَعَلَيۡهِنَّ نِصۡفُ مَا عَلَى ٱلۡمُحۡصَنَٰتِ مِنَ ٱلۡعَذَابِۚ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَنۡ خَشِيَ ٱلۡعَنَتَ مِنكُمۡۚ وَأَن تَصۡبِرُواْ خَيۡرٞ لَّكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ غَفُورٞ رَّحِيمٞ 25

25        And whosoever among you does not have means to marry a free believing woman, he should marry believing slave woman under your control (by the Islamic law). Allah has full knowledge of your Faith. You are from one another [since you are all children of Adam (peace be upon him) and Eve, then why should you hesitate to marry a believing slave woman?]. Therefore marry them with the permission of their masters and pay them reasonable amount of bridal-money (this money to be paid for Islamic marriage). The slave women should be chaste and not those who indulge in obscene activities or have secret sexual relations (with boyfriends). So if they happen to commit adultery after their marriage, their punishment is half than that of a free (unmarried) woman. Marrying slave women is recommended for those believers who fear to indulge in adultery due to sexual pressure (or not able to marry a free believing woman). And if you practice self restrain it is better (than marrying a slave woman). And Allah is Very-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

يُرِيدُ ٱللَّهُ لِيُبَيِّنَ لَكُمۡ وَيَهۡدِيَكُمۡ سُنَنَ ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبۡلِكُمۡ وَيَتُوبَ عَلَيۡكُمۡۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٞ 26

26        (All these regulations are for your benefit). Allah wishes to make (lawful and unlawful) clear to you, and show you the (good) ways of those before you, and He wishes to accept your repentance. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.

وَٱللَّهُ يُرِيدُ أَن يَتُوبَ عَلَيۡكُمۡ وَيُرِيدُ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَّبِعُونَ ٱلشَّهَوَٰتِ أَن تَمِيلُواْ مَيۡلًا عَظِيمٗا 27

27        And Allah wishes to accept your repentance while those who follow their lusts, they wish that the believers should turn away (from the Right Path) a great deal.