وَقَالَ ٱلۡمَلَأُ مِن قَوۡمِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوۡمَهُۥ لِيُفۡسِدُواْ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَيَذَرَكَ وَءَالِهَتَكَۚ قَالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبۡنَآءَهُمۡ وَنَسۡتَحۡيِۦ نِسَآءَهُمۡ وَإِنَّا فَوۡقَهُمۡ قَٰهِرُونَ 127

127 And the chiefs of Firaun’s people said: “Will you let Musa ( peace be upon him ) and his followers spread mischief in the land while they abandon you and your gods?” Firaun said: “We will kill their sons and let their daughters survive and we have full power over them.”

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوۡمِهِ ٱسۡتَعِينُواْ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱصۡبِرُوٓاْۖ إِنَّ ٱلۡأَرۡضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَآءُ مِنۡ عِبَادِهِۦۖ وَٱلۡعَٰقِبَةُ لِلۡمُتَّقِينَ 128

128 Musa ( peace be upon him ) said to his people: “Seek help from Allah and be patient. Indeed, this land belongs to Allah and He gives the possession of it to His slaves whom He wills. The ultimate success is for those who fear Allah.”

قَالُوٓاْ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبۡلِ أَن تَأۡتِيَنَا وَمِنۢ بَعۡدِ مَا جِئۡتَنَاۚ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمۡ أَن يُهۡلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَخۡلِفَكُمۡ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيۡفَ تَعۡمَلُونَ 129

129 [Musa’s ( peace be upon him ) people] said: “We had suffered before you came to us (Firaun killed our sons) and we are suffering even after you have come to us (Firaun intends to kill our sons).” Musa ( peace be upon him ) replied: “May be Allah will destroy your enemy and make you ruler on the land to see how you behave?” 

وَلَقَدۡ أَخَذۡنَآ ءَالَ فِرۡعَوۡنَ بِٱلسِّنِينَ وَنَقۡصٖ مِّنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ 130

130        (When Firaun and his follow-ers intensified opposition to Musa ( peace be upon him ) and his followers) We, indeed, seized the followers of Firaun with years of drought and shortage of fruits, so that they might learn a lesson from it.

فَإِذَا جَآءَتۡهُمُ ٱلۡحَسَنَةُ قَالُواْ لَنَا هَٰذِهِۦۖ وَإِن تُصِبۡهُمۡ سَيِّئَةٞ يَطَّيَّرُواْ بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُۥٓۗ أَلَآ إِنَّمَا طَٰٓئِرُهُمۡ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكۡثَرَهُمۡ لَا يَعۡلَمُونَ 131

131 So whenever good time came to them, they felt that they deserved it anyway. And whenever bad time came to them they felt it was an evil omen due to Musa ( peace be upon him ) and his followers. Indeed, their evil omens are with Allah but most of them don’t know it.

وَقَالُواْ مَهۡمَا تَأۡتِنَا بِهِۦ مِنۡ ءَايَةٖ لِّتَسۡحَرَنَا بِهَا فَمَا نَحۡنُ لَكَ بِمُؤۡمِنِينَ 132

132 And the people of Firaun said [to Musa ( peace be upon him )]: “Whatever proof you bring to us to enchant with it, we shall never believe in you.”

فَأَرۡسَلۡنَا عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلطُّوفَانَ وَٱلۡجَرَادَ وَٱلۡقُمَّلَ وَٱلضَّفَادِعَ وَٱلدَّمَ ءَايَٰتٖ مُّفَصَّلَٰتٖ فَٱسۡتَكۡبَرُواْ وَكَانُواْ قَوۡمٗا مُّجۡرِمِينَ 133

133 Hence, We sent on them, the flood, the locust, the lice, the frogs and the blood (one after other) as clear miracles, yet they remained arrogant and they were criminal people.

وَلَمَّا وَقَعَ عَلَيۡهِمُ ٱلرِّجۡزُ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱدۡعُ لَنَا رَبَّكَ بِمَا عَهِدَ عِندَكَۖ لَئِن كَشَفۡتَ عَنَّا ٱلرِّجۡزَ لَنُؤۡمِنَنَّ لَكَ وَلَنُرۡسِلَنَّ مَعَكَ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ 134

134 And whenever a torment came to them they said: “O Musa ( peace be upon him )! Pray to your Creator for us for that which He has promised you. If you re-move this torment from us, we shall, definitely, believe in you, and we shall let the Children of Israel go with you too.”

فَلَمَّا كَشَفۡنَا عَنۡهُمُ ٱلرِّجۡزَ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍ هُم بَٰلِغُوهُ إِذَا هُمۡ يَنكُثُونَ 135

135 So when the torment, which was sent for a limited period, was removed from them, they instantly broke their promise.

فَٱنتَقَمۡنَا مِنۡهُمۡ فَأَغۡرَقۡنَٰهُمۡ فِي ٱلۡيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِ‍َٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ 136

136 Hence, We took revenge from them. We drowned them in the sea since they denied Our revelations and were totally heedless to them.

وَأَوۡرَثۡنَا ٱلۡقَوۡمَ ٱلَّذِينَ كَانُواْ يُسۡتَضۡعَفُونَ مَشَٰرِقَ ٱلۡأَرۡضِ وَمَغَٰرِبَهَا ٱلَّتِي بَٰرَكۡنَا فِيهَاۖ وَتَمَّتۡ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ ٱلۡحُسۡنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُواْۖ وَدَمَّرۡنَا مَا كَانَ يَصۡنَعُ فِرۡعَوۡنُ وَقَوۡمُهُۥ وَمَا كَانُواْ يَعۡرِشُونَ 137

137 And (by drowning Firaun and his followers) We made the people who were considered weak (i.e. Children of Israel) to inherit the eastern parts of the land and the western parts of the land which We had blessed (i.e. with excellent vege-tation and living and for being the burial place of many messengers), and, in this way, the promise of Allah for the Children of Israel was fulfilled because of the patience they displayed. And We totally destroyed the factories and big buildings which Firaun and his followers erected. (Also Surah Al-Qasas:5, 6)

وَجَٰوَزۡنَا بِبَنِيٓ إِسۡرَٰٓءِيلَ ٱلۡبَحۡرَ فَأَتَوۡاْ عَلَىٰ قَوۡمٖ يَعۡكُفُونَ عَلَىٰٓ أَصۡنَامٖ لَّهُمۡۚ قَالُواْ يَٰمُوسَى ٱجۡعَل لَّنَآ إِلَٰهٗا كَمَا لَهُمۡ ءَالِهَةٞۚ قَالَ إِنَّكُمۡ قَوۡمٞ تَجۡهَلُونَ 138

138 And We brought the Children of Israel across the sea safely. They came across some people who were worshiping their idols with devotion. The Children of Israel said: “O Musa ( peace be upon him )! Make for us (a physical) god sim-ilar to their gods.” Musa ( peace be upon him ) said: “You are indeed, very igno-rant people.”

إِنَّ هَٰٓؤُلَآءِ مُتَبَّرٞ مَّا هُمۡ فِيهِ وَبَٰطِلٞ مَّا كَانُواْ يَعۡمَلُونَ 139

139 (Musa ( peace be upon him ) added) “Indeed, what these people are engaged in will be destroyed (by Allah) and their activity is mere falsehood.”

قَالَ أَغَيۡرَ ٱللَّهِ أَبۡغِيكُمۡ إِلَٰهٗا وَهُوَ فَضَّلَكُمۡ عَلَى ٱلۡعَٰلَمِينَ 140

140  “Shall I make for you a god besides Allah, while Allah has made you supe-rior (through His certain favours) over the mankind and jinn (of your time).”

وَإِذۡ أَنجَيۡنَٰكُم مِّنۡ ءَالِ فِرۡعَوۡنَ يَسُومُونَكُمۡ سُوٓءَ ٱلۡعَذَابِ يُقَتِّلُونَ أَبۡنَآءَكُمۡ وَيَسۡتَحۡيُونَ نِسَآءَكُمۡۚ وَفِي ذَٰلِكُم بَلَآءٞ مِّن رَّبِّكُمۡ عَظِيمٞ 141

141 And (remember) when We rescued you from Firaun’s people, who used to torture you, by killing your sons and letting your daughters survive, and it was a great trial (for you) from your Creator.

۞وَوَٰعَدۡنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَٰثِينَ لَيۡلَةٗ وَأَتۡمَمۡنَٰهَا بِعَشۡرٖ فَتَمَّ مِيقَٰتُ رَبِّهِۦٓ أَرۡبَعِينَ لَيۡلَةٗۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَٰرُونَ ٱخۡلُفۡنِي فِي قَوۡمِي وَأَصۡلِحۡ وَلَا تَتَّبِعۡ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡمُفۡسِدِينَ 142

142 [When most of the worries of Children of Israel were finished, they re-quested Musa ( peace be upon him ) to have a code of conduct so that they may follow it whole heartedly. Musa ( peace be upon him ) requested Allah and Allah invited him to mountain Tur, for Aitikaf]. We (initially) promised thirty nights for Musa ( peace be upon him ) and then added ten (nights) to it. Hence, he completed the term of forty nights appointed by his Creator. And Musa ( peace be upon him ) said to his brother Harun ( peace be upon him ): “Conduct the affairs in my absence, keep them on the Right Path and don’t follow the way of mis-chief-makers.”

وَلَمَّا جَآءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَٰتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُۥ رَبُّهُۥ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِيٓ أَنظُرۡ إِلَيۡكَۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَىٰنِي وَلَٰكِنِ ٱنظُرۡ إِلَى ٱلۡجَبَلِ فَإِنِ ٱسۡتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُۥ فَسَوۡفَ تَرَىٰنِيۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُۥ لِلۡجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُۥ دَكّٗا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقٗاۚ فَلَمَّآ أَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبۡحَٰنَكَ تُبۡتُ إِلَيۡكَ وَأَنَا۠ أَوَّلُ ٱلۡمُؤۡمِنِينَ 143

143 And when Musa ( peace be upon him ) came at the time and place appointed by Allah and his Creator spoke to him. (With this great joy, Musa ( peace be upon him ) wished to see Allah). Musa ( peace be upon him ) said: “O my Creator! (Kindly) show me (Yourself) so that I (have the honour to) look upon You.” Al-lah said: “You cannot see Me. However, keep looking towards the mountain. If the mountain remains still in its place, then you will be able to see Me.” So when his Creator appeared to the mountain, the mountain crumbled to dust, and Musa ( peace be upon him ) fell down senseless. When Musa ( peace be upon him ) re-gained his senses, he said: “You are Glorified, I turn to You in repentance and I am the first of the believers.”

قَالَ يَٰمُوسَىٰٓ إِنِّي ٱصۡطَفَيۡتُكَ عَلَى ٱلنَّاسِ بِرِسَٰلَٰتِي وَبِكَلَٰمِي فَخُذۡ مَآ ءَاتَيۡتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ 144

144 (Allah) said: “O Musa ( peace be upon him )! I have distinguished you above the people (of your time) by making you My Prophet and by My speaking (to you). And take that what I have bestowed upon you (i.e. Prophethood, Taurat) and be of the grateful.”

وَكَتَبۡنَا لَهُۥ فِي ٱلۡأَلۡوَاحِ مِن كُلِّ شَيۡءٖ مَّوۡعِظَةٗ وَتَفۡصِيلٗا لِّكُلِّ شَيۡءٖ فَخُذۡهَا بِقُوَّةٖ وَأۡمُرۡ قَوۡمَكَ يَأۡخُذُواْ بِأَحۡسَنِهَاۚ سَأُوْرِيكُمۡ دَارَ ٱلۡفَٰسِقِينَ 145

145 And We wrote for Musa ( peace be upon him ) on the Tablets important ad-vices for everything and details of every commandment (these Tablets are Taurat) and said: “Hold this firmly and order your people to follow its fantastic com-mands. I shall soon show you the home of the mischief-makers.” (i.e. make you ruler of Greater Syria where Amalqa ruled and they were disbelievers. – Ibn-Kathir).

سَأَصۡرِفُ عَنۡ ءَايَٰتِيَ ٱلَّذِينَ يَتَكَبَّرُونَ فِي ٱلۡأَرۡضِ بِغَيۡرِ ٱلۡحَقِّ وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ كُلَّ ءَايَةٖ لَّا يُؤۡمِنُواْ بِهَا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلرُّشۡدِ لَا يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗا وَإِن يَرَوۡاْ سَبِيلَ ٱلۡغَيِّ يَتَّخِذُوهُ سَبِيلٗاۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمۡ كَذَّبُواْ بِ‍َٔايَٰتِنَا وَكَانُواْ عَنۡهَا غَٰفِلِينَ 146

146 I shall turn away those from My revelations who display arro-gance on the earth, without any justification. And (even) if they witness all the proofs, they will not believe in them, and if they see the path to right conduct, they will not follow it, but if they see the path to wrong conduct, they will follow it (readily), that is because they have rejected Our revelations and were heedless to them. (Also Surah Yunus:96, 97)